Machining

Turning tool designation in ORS system and NRS system
Engineering

Engineering

Machining or metal cutting is one type of subtractive manufacturing process where excess material is gradually removed from the preformed blank to produce desired three dimensional feature or product. Conventional machining processes (like straight turning, taper turning, internal turning, threading, facing, drilling, boring, reaming, tapping, planing, shaping, slotting, milling, fly cutting, hobbing, grooving, parting, etc.) utilize a sharp wedge shaped cutting tool (cutter) to remove unwanted material. This cutter compresses

Difference between rough cut and finish cut in machining
Engineering

Engineering

Machining or metal cutting is one of the secondary manufacturing processes by which excess material is gradually removed from a preformed blank to obtain desired shape, size and finish. There exist larger number of processes to fulfil the basic requirement of machining. Such processes can be broadly classified as conventional machining processes (turning, threading, facing, drilling, boring, shaping, planing, milling, grooving, reaming, etc.), abrasive cutting processes (grinding, lapping, honing, polishing,

Cutting speed and feed rate in straight turning in lathe
Engineering

Engineering

Machining or metal cutting is one type of secondary manufacturing process by which excess material is gradually removed by shearing from pre-formed blank in the form of chips using a wedge shaped cutting tool to obtain desired shape, size and finish. It is one subtractive manufacturing process, which indicates layer by layer material is removed to get desired form. There exist a large number of such processes—each having different capability

Relation among cutting speed and cutting velocity in turning
Engineering

Engineering

Metal cutting or machining is one of the secondary manufacturing processes by which excess material is gradually removed by shearing from a pre-formed blank in the form of chips using a wedge shaped cutting tool in order to obtain intended form having better finish, high dimensional accuracy and close tolerance. It is one type of subtractive manufacturing process where layer by layer material is removed from a solid blank to

Surface profile of a highly finished surface
Engineering

Engineering

Primary aim of secondary manufacturing processes is to obtain products having better surface quality, high dimensional accuracy and close tolerance. Such processes include machining or metal cutting operations (like turning, milling, drilling, reaming, precision turning, grinding, lapping, honing, AJM, USM, EDM, LBM, IBM, etc.) and surface modification operations (like heat treatment, coloring, coating, etc.). Each of these processes has varying level of capabilities in terms of surface quality and precision.

Differences between orthogonal rake and normal rake
Engineering

Engineering

Turning is one machining or metal cutting process (subtractive manufacturing) used to reduce diameter of a cylindrical workpiece by gradually removing excess material. It is performed on a versatile machine tool, called lathe, using a single point cutting tool. As the name suggests, a single point cutter contains only one main cutting edge that participates in material removal action during machining. Turning tool, formally known as single point turning tool

End mill is a multi-point cutting tool
Engineering

Engineering

Machining or metal cutting is one secondary manufacturing process where excess material is gradually removed from the workpiece in order to impart desired finish, dimension and tolerance. To cater the need of efficiently and economically machining a wide variety of materials in different ways, several relevant processes have emerged over the years. Broadly these processes can be grouped as conventional machining (macro and micro), abrasive finishing and non-traditional machining (NTM).

Conventional machining - rake angle and clearance angle
Engineering

Engineering

Machining or metal cutting is one subtractive manufacturing process that is used to gradually remove excess material from a pre-formed blank in order to achieve high dimensional accuracy and close tolerance. There are various types of machining operations to efficiently and productively accomplish material removal task on various work materials in varying level of precision. Such processes can be broadly classified as—conventional machining (like turning, facing, milling, drilling, boring, hobbing,

Conventional machining - rake angle and clearance angle
Engineering

Engineering

Conventional machining or metal cutting operation is performed to gradually remove excess layer of material from the workpiece to impart intended shape, dimension and finish. Material removal is realized with the help of a small device called cutter or cutting tool. During machining, the cutter as well as the workpiece is rigidly mounted on the machine tool with the help of various arrangements. Relative velocity between cutter and workpiece is

Classification of rake angles positive rake negative rake and zero rake
Engineering

Engineering

Machining is one subtractive manufacturing process by which excess material is removed from pre-formed blank in the form of chips in order to improve dimensional accuracy and tolerance. A wedge shaped cutting tool (or cutter) is employed for gradual shearing of layer by layer material. Geometry, orientation and material are three paramount factors that influence machining capability and product quality.  Cutter geometry embraces crucial features of the cutting edge(s) and

Turning operation in lathe
Engineering

Engineering

Machining or metal cutting is one subtractive manufacturing process that is predominantly used to remove unwanted material from workpiece to improve dimensional accuracy and tolerance. Over the ages multifarious machining processes have been evolved for efficient processing of a larger variety of materials in innumerable ways. Broadly such processes can be classified as conventional machining processes, abrasive finishing processes and non-traditional machining (NTM) processes. By definition, conventional machining is one

Typical grinding process - a finishing operation
Engineering

Engineering

Machining or metal cutting is one of the manufacturing processes by which excess material is gradually removed from a pre-formed blank to provide desired shape, size and finish. It is one subtractive manufacturing process that is primarily used to improve dimensional accuracy and tolerance level. To efficiently and economically process various materials in several ways, there exist various machining processes, each having different capability in terms of material removal rate

Typical face milling process - a machining operation
Engineering

Engineering

Fabricating complicate shaped products with good surface finish by casting is not always feasible and economical. Various secondary operations can be performed on the casted products to finally produce the desired object. Such operations include joining (such as welding), material removal or machining, heat treatment or property alteration, coloring and coating, etc. Material removal processes basically removes material from workpiece surface to provide intended dimension and tolerance. A large number

Difference between machine, machine tool and cutting tool
Engineering

Engineering

In the context of manufacturing or mechanical engineering, three terms, namely machine, machine tool and cutting tool have different significance. Basically machine is any device that reduces human effort in doing a task. By formal definition, a machine is an assembly of mechanisms that are clustered together in such a way that it can perform certain operations by utilizing electrical, mechanical, hydraulic and/or pneumatic power. So a machine is mostly

Difference between edge radius and nose radius of cutting tool
Engineering

Engineering

Machining or metal cutting is one subtractive manufacturing process where excess material is gradually removed in the form of chips from preformed blank using a cutting tool in order to impart intended shape, size and surface finish. To continuously remove (shear off) layers of material, a sharp edged cutter is indispensably necessary. During machining, relative motions are provided between workpiece and cutting tool in particular directions based on geometry of

Difference Between Production, Manufacturing and Machining
Engineering

Engineering

Feasibility of making a product from natural organic or inorganic resources depends on the advancement of science and is accelerated by the human need. However, easy, efficient, productive, economic and ergonomic conversion of raw materials to useful products as per the customers’ requirement relies on the growth of technology and assistance of management and planning. Although it is not always feasible to fulfil every requirement in a single product, in